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What is Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome?
Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome is an extremely rarefied pathological condition which tends to hap when females are pregnant with monozygotic or identical Gemini . Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome stems from the placenta which is the organ which connects the female parent to the unborn babe and functions by providing nutrition to the foetus .
In sheath of identical or monozygotic twins the placenta is shared between the two fetuses which ensue sometimes in sharing of the blood vessel lead in a connection of the blood circulation .
In majority of the cases the blood hang normally in both the fetus but in case of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome there is odd blood flowing with one fetus receive more blood than the other twin . This may result in the heart of the twin receiving less blood getting affect as a result of too much strain being put on it due to undue blood supply whereas the other counterpart which receives less blood may suffer from stern anemia due to lack of oxygen and deficient blood supply . The nutrition for this twin also gets affected .
This imbalance of blood menstruation to the Gemini may fall out at anytime during the pregnancy and in some caseful at the fourth dimension of delivery also do Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome .
The severeness of the symptoms of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome depends on which stage of pregnancy does the abnormality in blood circulation occurs , its diagnosis , and when the treatment for it really starts . What exactly causes this irregularity in lineage circulation is not well known in cases of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome .
What are the Causes of Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome?
As tell , the root cause for Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome is not yet fuck . Some studies paint a picture that some type of abnormalities during division of the fertilized egg of the mother may cause placental abnormalities which may result in development of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome .
Under normal circumstances , the development of a monozygotic or identical twins starts with fertilization of the egg of the female parent by the sperm cell of the father . Within a few day , the fertilized egg divide into two identical embryos which are nourish by their several placentas which in the end develop into two distinct individuals with more or less identical genetical makeup .
In some cases however it takes a longer time for the egg to disunite into two embryo and study suggest that the longer it takes for the fertilized egg to divide the more problems are likely to happen in the futurity with the pregnancy promote and the more likelihood for development of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome .
What are the Symptoms of Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome?
In most of the suit of pregnancy with monozygotic twins , the placenta is share by both the twins with a commonumbilical cordand rake circulation . The Gemini are bring together together to the placenta by the umbilical cord .
Under normal destiny the blood stream to both the Twin is even but in cases of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome this blood circulation is mismatched with one twin receive more blood than the other resulting in a variety of symptom which vary depending on the leg of pregnancy when this abnormality set off to occur .
The abnormality causing Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome may occur at any clock time during the pregnancy but if it occurs within the first trimester then one of the fetus may cease growing with the upshot being that only one foetus will be discover for the oddment of the gestation .
If this condition occurs at the sentence of delivery or shortly before deliverance the symptom displayed by the Gemini may resemble that of symptoms have by sudden lack of blood supply or exuberant bloodline provision to the consistence .
If Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome occurs midterm examination then a assortment of symptoms may occur to include increase urinary outturn from the twin receive excess blood induce an increase in the amniotic fluid . This increase in amnic fluid may cause the belly of the female parent to protrude out more than normally during that level of pregnancy . For majority of the cases , this is the first symptom of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome . This increase in amniotic fluid may cause preterm labor and other rescue .
For the other twin , which receives very less supply of blood the kidney of the fetus may stop developing enough urine resulting in decreased amniotic fluid . This may result in the tissue layer of the amnic pouch to tumble and the second twin may look like it is stuck within these collapsed membrane
How is Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Diagnosed?
Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome is usually detected during the 2d trimester of the pregnancy via anultrasoundwhich will show a shared placenta , extremely thin tissue layer which divides the fetuses ’ amnionic sacs , freakishness in the amount of amniotic fluid present with either supererogatory amniotic fluid or exceedingly less amnic fluid .
Once the babies are delivered examen of the placenta can support the presence of connecting pedigree vessel and the symptom that the babies will exhibit will confirm the diagnosis of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome .
How is Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Treated?
If the diagnosis of Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome is made before delivery then there are surgical prick which are available which can be used to view the placenta and can be utilize to obstruct the connecting rakehell vessels via laser and thus come apart the blood current and making it more even and treating Twin - Twin Transfusion Syndrome .
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