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Legionnaire ’s disease is an uncommon member of thepneumoniafamily , which is have due to the infection of Legionella species . The disease classically represents symptoms specific to pneumonia anddiarrhea . It is an infection of the lungs that affects at least 8000 individual each year .
What is Legionnaires Disease?
Legionnaire ’s disease , also call up Legionellosis is a respiratory disease instigated by the Legionella specie , especially Legionella pneumophila . The bacterium is found in freshwater bodies like lake , rivers and streams and it flourish particularly in warm urine . The infection primarily affects the lungs and the symptoms of this contagion are same as that of pneumonia likehigh fever , shivers , muscle pain , cephalalgia , cough and diarrhea . Though the symptom of pneumonia and legionellosis look same ; the legionellosis is more severe in comparison topneumonia . This transmission is of two type ground on the rigourousness which are :
Individuals get infect from the legionary ’s disease when the Legionella contaminated water mist is breathe in , but in most case it is not a contractable disease . Legionnaire ’s disease is known to make persistence of fatigue , neurological as well as neuromuscular ailment even after months , thus lead to long terminus afflicted health .
Where did the Name Legionnaires Disease Come From?
The causative federal agent for the legionnaire ’s disease , Legionella mintage were discover at the 58th American Legion Annual Convention in 1976 , in Philadelphia . The species was place contaminate the melodic line conditioning scheme of the locus which was the Bellevue - Stratford Hotel . The contamination recorded contagion to over 180 individuals including the loss of 29 life . The infection read symptoms of modest flu but also caused multisystem harmonium failure . This incidence give the bacterial strain its name as Legionella .
Signs and Symptoms of Legionnaires Disease
The Symptoms of Legionnaire ’s disease tend to seem within a span of five to six days brand the exposure . The symptom are similar to that of flu but apart from this there are also a few other symptom . These symptoms of legionnaire ’s disease include :
How Do You Get Legionnaires Disease?
The legionnaire ’s disease can be contracted through two ways , one being the inhalation of the Legionella contaminated mist droplet and the other being aspiration . In case of intake , when the individuals that fume or have a lung disease get give-up the ghost , their oral secretion tend to enter the lungs rather than into the belly or esophagus , thereby allowing the bacteria to record the lung .
The common fresh water sources that pose a threat of the Legionella transmission are un - drained red-hot tubs after usage , air conditioning units , hot piddle tanks and ornamental fountain .
Pathophysiology of Legionnaires Disease
Legionella pneumophila are obligate parasites that produce and replicate within the mobile phone . When the individuals are infect , these bacterium do intracellular replication within the cells of air cell which in crook activates the T - cellular phone . The T - cells produce lymphokines which progressively help in amplifying the antimicrobial bodily function of the macrophage . This thus , helps in contain the intracellular maturation of the bacterium . In fount of individuals with compromised immunity or individual who smoke , the unconditioned immunity is unable to cease the process of replication thus take a shit them more vulnerable to legionary ’s disease .
Diagnosis of Legionnaires Disease
The diagnostic measures followed in character of Legionnaire ’s disease are :
Treatment of Legionnaires Disease
The treatment of the Legionnaires ’s disease alone depend on antibiotic and there is no inoculation to forbid the disease . There are in the main three major class of antibiotics that are order for the handling of the Legionnaires ’s disease . The type of antibiotic prescribe depends on the below factors :
The different types of antibiotic drug that are prescribed are :
In case when single antibiotic dosage does not cater the demand relief then generally Rifampin is given along for better issue .
Legionnaire ’s disease is a bacterial infection cause by the Legionella specie which infix the human dead body through the intake of the polluted piss droplet . The person with advanced old age , chronicle of smoking , prior mien of lung disease and compromised immune arrangement are more susceptible to legionnaire ’s disease . On infection , the legionary ’s disease has initial symptom resemble pneumonia but if left misdiagnosed can become fatal or direct to multiple organ failure . The symptoms usually seem in two to ten solar day after exposure . Once name , legionnaire ’s disease can be treated through desirable antibiotic treatment .
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