This clause on Epainassist.com has been review by a aesculapian professional , as well as checked for facts , to assure the readers the advantageously potential accuracy .
We follow a strict editorial insurance policy and we have a zero - tolerance policy regarding any level of plagiarization . Our articles are resourced from reputable online pages . This article may bear scientific point of reference . The numbers in the aside ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) are clickable links to peer - look back scientific papers .
The feedback contact “ Was this clause Helpful ” on this page can be used to report content that is not exact , up - to - date or questionable in any mode .
This clause does not provide aesculapian advice .
One of the most common ophthalmic complications of systemic diseases is glaucoma . Some citizenry do not consider it as a major clinical condition due to its gradual progression but it is a fact that glaucoma is not a disease in itself . It is a bunch of disorders characterised by nervous degeneration of eye in progressive manner contribute to going of imagination . Increased intra - ophthalmic pressure is a non - separable component of the condition .
What Brings on Glaucoma?
aetiologic gene imply in end of retinal ganglion are the principal cause of these disfigurement which leave in glaucoma . Few chief factors are mentioned below in brief-
Primary Insults Leading to Glaucoma
Increased intra - ocular pressing ( IOP ) protrude apply mechanical stress on lamina cribrosa which presents as impairment of axon and modification of blood flow in capillaries resulting in the gangrene of associated retinal arena . All these newly mould deformities lead to inability of emergence factors or neutrophins to progress to the ganglionic bodies of retina in optimal amount result in the scarcity of all-important survival elements hence , death .
This theory was infix under the light that some patient role shows glaucomatous symptoms even in the absence seizure of raised intra ophthalmic insistency . allot to this hypothesis , in patients with normal intra ophthalmic pressure other factors take a lead theatrical role . This also include factors affecting perfusion of vascular vessels of opthalmic area .
However , some additional factors also lead to normal tenseness glaucoma ( NTG ) and even in affected role with increased intra ophthalmic pressure .
loser of stemma Flow Auto Regulation Mechanism : There is existence of a peculiar mechanism between optical brass and retina for regularize flow in the vascular vessels by using car regulative function of centralnervous system . Once this mechanism is compromise , blood flow can not be regulated beyond a decisive orbit of intra ophthalmic air pressure .
Secondary Insults or Excitotoxicity Theory Leading to Glaucoma
It is believed that neural degeneracy is derived by some factors that are toxic to the cell . These factor include glutamate which is an excitatory toxin and some oxygen free radicals such as molecules released during lysis of Donnan ’s membrane ofred blood cellsbecause of primary insults for example nitric oxide . Thus , we can say that secondary insult creates a scar risky effect due to primary insult . This leads to repeated and progressive destruction mediated by programmed cell death even when the chief insult is not there .
Clinico-Etiological Classification of Glaucoma
On the basis of above pathogenesis and long time group glaucoma is class into three different groups give below-
Though glaucoma is a group of disorder yet it can be grapple fully in most of the patients in initial stage of progression . However , efficient treatment is not available in patient role in eminent degree of retinal damage orblindpatients . But these numbers are very less and most of the patients can be easy diagnosed with increased IOP .
rent us keep some epidemiologic data for good sympathy of case persuasiveness and campaign of the clinical situation .
Glaucoma prevalence ( worldwide )
Seen among 2 % population of years group of 40 years and above .
preponderance rise multiple times up to 10 % when it comes to the age group of 80 twelvemonth and above .
PACG and POAG prevalence among different ethnicities
Blindness due to Glaucoma
globose consummate loss of sight : 9.0 %
staring loss of vision in India : 12.6 %
Patho-physiology of Glaucomatous Ocular Destruction
As it is cite previously , all type of glaucomatous term are characterised by progressive optic neuropathy . It is well accredit presently , this clinical condition is a resultant of dying retinalganglioncells in a specific pattern common to every type of glaucoma which leads to appearance of characteristic optic disc with exclusive defects in ocular field of operations .
References :
Also Read :
