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Multiple induration is a inveterate disorder of the central spooky system intercede by autoimmunity against myelin sheath , which leads to demyelination and resulting symptomatology . It has distaff preponderance , move mortal in their 20 - 50s . The crusade of MS is still unknown and is think to be a confluence of genic and environmental factors leading to autoimmunity .
The clinical trend of MS is very unpredictable and motley from patient role to affected role . The first event of any neurological symptom that survive for more than 24 hr , characteristic of MS , which may or may not be accompanied by a lesion on brainMRI , is have a go at it as CIS ( clinically isolated syndrome ) . However , CIS does not fulfill the standard for a diagnosis of MS as it may or may not progress into MS .
There is yet another anatomy , known as RIS or radiologically isolate syndrome that is associated with MS like lesions on MRI , which are not explained by another diagnosis and the patient being negative for any past / present neurological symptoms . These lesions are accidentally diagnose on scan done for another purpose , such as headache or head trauma . These patients also do not fall down in the criteria for a diagnosis of MS , but they demand observe up , in typeface they shape up into MS .
What Are The 4 Types Of MS?
Based on the clinical course of MS , neurologists have classified affected role under four family . These let in .
retrogress - Remitting MS(RRMS ) . This is the most common type of MS that regard nearly 85 % of all multiple induration patients . As the name implies , it is characterized by periods of exacerbations of flare - ups , in which there are presentation of symptoms follow by periods of recovery , in which the symptoms melt or may become lasting . The periods of relapse may also be marked with raw lesions on MRI in active forms of RRMS ; however , in non - active manakin , there is no progression of the disease seen on MRI . The period of relapse may be short lived for some patients and may last longer for other patients ( from few day to month ) and the same can be said for periods of remission .
Secondary Progressive MS(SPMS ) . This is characteristic of progressive disability of multiple sclerosis that started as relapsing - remitting MS , therefore , it is fuck as secondary progressive MS as it occurred lowly to RRMS . In this the patient may know relapsing of symptoms with active MRI lesions , but the recuperation may not be complete and the persisting symptom may become lasting that may chair to reform-minded declension of the disease and increase disability . In a course of 10 year , about 50 % patients with RRMS advancement to SPMS , if left untreated .
Primary Progressive MS(PPMS ) . This is a less common form of MS , impact 10 % of all MS patients . In this physique of disease , the disease progresses steadily from the very beginning . There are no period of relapsing and remittal in this form of disease .
Progressive Relapsing MS . This is also a very rarified form of multiple induration that affects less than 5 % of all multiple sclerosis cases . In this the disease is worsening and progressive from the beginning with periodic periods of lapsing or flare pass - ups without any periods of remission .
Although , there exists no lasting cure for the disease , there are various FDA approved disease modifying therapies that limit the patterned advance of the disease and help minimize disability . These help in shortening the periods of incisive exacerbations , fall the frequency of flare pass - ups and also providing symptomatic relief to meliorate the quality of life . Acute full stop of exacerbation can be handle with shortsighted course of steroids . The disease qualify agents approved by FDA include beta interferons ( Avonex , Extavia , Rebif , Betaseron ) , glatiramer acetate ( Copaxone ) , mitoxantrone ( Novantrone ) , natalizumab ( Tysabri ) , and fingolimod ( Gilenya ) .
Dalfampridine is FDA approved drug used to meliorate symptom of walking in MS patient role . There are other drugs not O.K. by FDA , which include methotrexate sodium , azathioprine , cyclophosphamide , cladribine and mycophenolate mofetil that are used therapeutically for MS patients .
Also Read :
References :
https.//mymsaa.org / ms - entropy / overview / types/
