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What Is Upper And Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding?
Gastrointestinal Bleeding takes place when mucosal stratum of gastrointestinal system is inflamed or fret to form a single or multiple shed blood ulcers .
The espouse organs are present in the digestive parcel :
GI haemorrhage can pass off in any of the segment of the GI organisation . Bleeding take place in the gorge , stomach , or the small intestine is termed as Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding whereas bleeding take place in the large intestine , rectum , or anus is termed as Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding . The amount of bleeding that happen may be mild to serious result in potentially serious precondition .
What Are The Causes Of Upper or Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding?
Illustrated below are the causes of both Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding as well as Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding .
Causes Of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding:
The most rough-cut case of this type of bleeding are presence of peptic ulceration which can form anywhere from the esophagus to the small intestine . These ulceration are normally caused due to a bacterial infection . Sometimes , there are enlarged nervure in the esophagus , which may tear and cause bleeding . This condition is call as esophageal varix . If there is a tear in the wall of the esophagus , then it may also cause bleeding . This precondition is call as Mallory - Weiss weeping .
The other causes of upper GI haemorrhage are as follows-
Causes of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding:
A morbid condition called as colitis is the most coarse cause of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding . Colitis is a status in which there is excitement of the Costa Rican colon , which may be make by contagion , food poisoning , parasite , or decreased blood supplying to the colon . Another precondition , which can do low gastrointestinal hemorrhage , is haemorrhoid . An enlarged vein in the rectum or anus is called as a hemorrhoid . These enlarged vena may charge and cause haemorrhage . The other grounds of downcast GI hemorrhage is as follows-
What Are The Risk Factors For Upper And Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding?
Some of the risk factor for development of upper and lowly gastrointestinal bleeding are :
What Are The Symptoms Of Upper And Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding?
There are a few standout symptom , which suggest Gastrointestinal Bleeding . There is presence of black tarry stool if an somebody has an upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage . The somebody may also have blood in the stools , in aesculapian terms know as bright red rakehell from rectum , which is also a telltale sign that there is Gastrointestinal Bleeding . If an individual has any of these symptoms then actuate medical evaluation is required as this bleeding may move on to potentially biography threatening condition if not treated soon enough . Some extra symptoms , which require immediate medical care , are coffee tree dry land emesis , paleness , utmost weakness , or shortness of breath . List of symptoms are as follows-
How Is Upper And Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosed?
During initial office sojourn , the treating physician will begin by taking a detailed history about the onset of symptom and present history of illness . Dr. will conduct detailed physical interrogation . The next step in confirming the diagnosis will be to comport a psychometric test of the stool to see for front of blood in the stool . The physician may also order a routine blood test to look into cause of anemia , which could be secondary to blood loss .
Best investigational method to diagnose upper gastrointestinal bleeding is to conduct direct examination of esophagus , tum and duodenum by using bantam tubular television camera . The technique is fuck as endoscopy and equipment carry internal camera is known as endoscope . In this process , a long metro fitted with a camera is insert through the throat into the upper GI tract and the medico will take a look at the mucosal level of esophagus , stomach , duodenum and small intestine . The purpose of the subject field is to search for a reservoir of bleeding . Upper GI Endoscopy is only limited to the examination of upper gastrointestinal tract . Examination may not find an active haemorrhage but may avail to diagnose potential cause of bleed like ulcer or mucosal rubor .
Similarly the honorable investigational procedure to diagnose Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding is colonoscopy . In this procedure , a midget tube of 2 to 10 millimetre diam fitted with a camera is inserted into the El Salvadoran colon through the rectum . The physician will take a looking at the inner Earth’s surface of the Aspinwall for ulcer , mucosal inflammation , cancer or bleeding diverticulum . Physician will take a tiny piece of music of mucosa for science lab study and procedure is known as biopsy .
What Are The Treatments For Upper And Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding?
Treatment of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due To Peptic Ulcer - Gastric and duodenal ulceration is process with alkaliser , dose blocker ( Zantac and Pepcid ) and proton pump blockers . Ulcer , which does not respond to medication , is handle with laser or cauterizing of the ulceration . big ulcer is excise by operating room .
discourse of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due To Gastrointestinal Infection - Infection is treated with antibiotic drug and anti - parasite medication .
handling of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due To Ulcerative Colitis - The mucosal inflammation and ulcer is treated with anti - instigative medications like Aminosalicylates , Sulfasalazine and Corticosteroids . The severe ulcerative inflammatory bowel disease is treated with immune - appetite suppressant like Cyclosporine , Azathioprine , Methotrexate and Remicade .
Treatment of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due To Crohn ’s Disease - Treatment is same as ulcerative inflammatory bowel disease .
Crab of esophagus , tum and small bowel - Cancer is handle with chemotherapy and surgery .
Hemorrhoids - In case if hemorrhoids are the reason for Gastrointestinal Bleeding , then over - the - counter medication are quite utile . If these over the counter measures are not utilitarian then the doctor may use heat treatment to recoil the haemorrhoid .
Home Remedies For Upper And Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Some of the instinctive methods for treating GI bleeding are as mentioned below :
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