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Mitral valve disease is a aesculapian condition in which the mitral valve does not function properly.[1]Mitral valve is located in between the two chambers of the unexpended side of the heart . It regulates the current of the blood from the left atrium and leave heart ventricle . Mitral valve disease happens because of hardening of the mitral valve that prevents its shutdown or too loosening of the valve that lead to backflow of the blood in the unexpended atrium from the left ventricle.[2]Mitral valve surgery is done to repair and replace the mitral valve . It is performed either by minimally invasive surgical process or open operating room .
Surgery For Mitral Valve Disease
Surgery perform for mitral valve disease can be done by follow ways-
Minimal Invasive Heart Surgery – in this mitral valve operation , modest incision are made in the side of the chest between the rib to approach the heart . Surgeons use long instrument to go the mitral valves with the help of long instruments .
Robot - Assisted Heart Surgery – in this mitral valve function , a sawbones is seat at a remote situation and uses a admonisher to view the heart . He uses automatic arms to perform the operation . A surgical team helps at the surgical table .
Open Heart Surgery – in this procedure , a large dent is made on the thorax to progress to the meat . It is favour when the mitral valve is damage and needs to be replaced.[3 ]
Types Of Mitral Valve Disease Surgery
Mitral Valve Repair
This type of mitral valve disease operating room is take when the mitral valve do n’t shut down tightly . It can be doctor . In this type of operating theater , the part of the mitral valve is removed that do n’t close properly . The edges and perimeter of the valve are stitched with a band to fend for the valve .
In this technique , valve booklet are reconnected , excess valve tissue is removed , and holes in the valve are patched . Cords that suffer the valve are replaced to provide structural strength to the valve . amalgamated leaflets that are fused together are fall apart . This serve in tight gag rule of the valve . In some cases , the pack around the valve ( annulus ) is tighten by a function mention annuloplasty .
This procedure is selected for the patients who suffer from severe mitral valve disgorgement and who are prone to develop complications after surgery.[4 ]
Mitral Valve Replacement
This type of mitral valve disease surgery is recommended in the cases where the mitral valve is too tight , tight and fused that they ca n’t be repair . The mitral valve is replaced by a mechanical valve or valve made from the tissues of cow , pig or the human heart . In this procedure , the cord that support the valve are preserve , and not replaced . Biological valve develop from the tissues of cow , pig or human heart tissue demand to be replaced oftentimes due to their degenerative properties .
This procedure is take in the eccentric of severe mitral valve stricture where mitral valve is unable to operate no longer.[5 ]
Mitral valve disease is a disorderliness of mitral valve of the warmness that can not function properly . In this disease , mitral valve can not open up properly for the flow of roue from left atrium to leave heart ventricle . Mitral valve disease is of two types-
Mitral Valve Regurgitation – it is a condition marked by improper closing of the mitral valve . This head to backflow of parentage from left ventricle into the left atrium when the sum contracts .
Mitral Valve Stenosis – it is a circumstance in which mitral valve is flux or heavyset or tight that narrow down the first step . This outcome in the diminution in the catamenia of blood between the remaining atrium and left ventricle.[6 ]
Conclusion
Mitral valve operation is need to correct the mitral valve disease . It is the surgery in which the mitral valve is either recompense or replaced . This can be done with minimally invasive , robot - aid or open surgery . The option of the case of surgery depends on the condition of the mitral valve .
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