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Scoliosis is the countersign derived from Greek word “ Scolio ” means S shape . Scoliosis is because of lateral ( remaining or correct side ) bend of more than 10 degree of vertebral newspaper column . Scoliosis may be associate withlordosis(posterior or backward crook ) orkyphosis(anterior or front bend ) . Scoliosis of 10 to 15 degree is often not diagnosed during routine examination . Scoliosis is an abnormal curve of vertebral chromatography column . Over 60 % of soundbox weight is transmit through vertebral column to pelvis and leg . weighting transfer through vertebral pillar affect gait and posture in patients suffer with scoliosis . Epidemiology studies paint a picture 2 to 3 % of teenagers suffer with scoliosis and scoliosis is more common among females . Less than 1 % patients stomach with knockout ( more than 40 arcdegree ) curvature .
Skeletal Deformity in Scoliosis
Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of lumbar vertebral column .
soft Scoliosis - There will be curvature of spinal column of 10 to 15 degrees .
temperate Scoliosis - Spinal curvature of 15 to 30 degree .
Severe Scoliosis - Spinal curvature of 30 degrees and more .
Classification of Scoliosis
Infantile Scoliosis
Juvenile Scoliosis
Adolescent Scoliosis
Adolescent scoliosis is diagnosed between the eld of 10 and 18 .
Most of the patients are diagnose as hold idiopathic scoliosis .
Adolescent scoliosis is often diagnosed during routine examination at school and early treatment has forestall stiffness of the disease in majority of cases .
Adult Scoliosis3
Elderly Scoliosis
Types of Scoliosis and Its Causes
Idiopathic Scoliosis (70%)
Idiopathic Scoliosis is the most uncouth type of scoliosis ( 70 % ) honour in adolescent and adult patients . Idiopathic scoliosis is triggered by environmental or genetical abnormalities .
Congenital Scoliosis (20%)
inborn deformity is observed during 3 week of gestation in uterus . grounds of innate scoliosis is either inherited or familial disorderliness .
Associated Scoliosis (10%)
Scoliosis is at times associated with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorderliness . The unnatural curve of vertebral column is because of helplessness in muscles or emaciated system . Muscles and skeletal system is unable to support the system of weights and results in scoliosis .
Symptoms and Signs of Scoliosis
Chronic Pain in Scoliosis
Origin of Pain in Scoliosis – Pain originates from keep abreast anatomical structures-
signal and symptom of Radicular Pain in Scoliosis – Chronic pain is give out in lower back and peg . Cause of pain is as follows :
Signs and Symptoms of Radiculopathy in Scoliosis – Radiculopathy is a radicular pain connect with follow symptoms-
symptom of Backache in Scoliosis – causa of backache in scoliosis is as follows :
Shortness of Breath (Dyspnea) as a Symptoms of Scoliosis
Patient bear from scoliosis complaint of shortness of breathing space ( dyspnea ) . Scoliosis make bend in thoracic and lumbar spine . Bend of thoracic spine in restrained to hard scoliosis compress lung and diminish lung electrical capacity , thus causing shortness of breath .
Effect of Decreased Lung Capacity Causes-
Palpitation as a Symptom of Scoliosis
Patient suffering from Scoliosis often complains of palpitation ( feeling of heart beat ) . symptom are maintain after speedy movement of upper body or sit in one spot for prolonged period as during journey .
Causes of Palpitation in Patients Suffering from Scoliosis are as follow :
Tachycardia as a Symptom of Scoliosis
Uneven Musculature-A Prominent Sign of Scoliosis
Scoliosis is an abnormal curve stimulate some muscle to be overworked than compared to others .
Examination Reveals-
Uneven Skeletal Curvature
examen of chest , center , and lower back indicates following gaunt abnormalities-
Investigations to Diagnose Scoliosis
1. Scoliometer4for Scoliosis
Scoliometer is an instrument used to measure degree of curve in patients suffering with scoliosis . Scoliometer also quantify trunk revolution .
2. X-Ray for Scoliosis
3. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) for Scoliosis
4. Blood Examination for Scoliosis
5. Genetic Testing for Scoliosis
Treatment of Scoliosis
Observation
Physical Therapy (PT) For Scoliosis5,6
Schroth approach of selective physical therapy for scoliosis is deal as effective treatment for turnaround of scoliosis .
solvent observe as follows :
Occupational Therapy for Scoliosis
Therapist will evaluate daily activities , optimum need of manual work and posture during table work .
Chiropractic Treatment for Scoliosis
Casting to Treat Scoliosis
Braces To Correct Scoliosis-
Surgery for Scoliosis
Types of Spinal Fusion with Instrumentation Surgery for Scoliosis-
Surgical Technique-
Use of Cast After Surgery to Correct Scoliosis
Advantages of Cast for Scoliosis
Disadvantage of Cast for Scoliosis
Placement of Rods During Surgery to Correct Scoliosis-
reward of Placing Rods to Correct Scoliosis-
Disadvantages of Placing Rods to Correct Scoliosis –
Scoliosis Surgical Complications
Post Treatment Prognosis for Scoliosis
Prognosis of Scoliosis if not Treated-
References :
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