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Glaucoma is the neurodegenerative disorder of the optic nerve . The disease can cause deterioration to the visual nerves , which may lead to incurable blindness . The optic nerves are made up of millions of train of thought - like nerve fibers . The major function of visual boldness is to post visual information from optic to the brain . Retinal ganglion has a pregnant role in beam visual information . So any deleterious on these nerves fiber can leave in serious aftermath in the normal function of eye . This is the reason for glaucoma , often concern to as a multifactorial and complex disease . The exact chemical mechanism of glaucoma is badly understood and the reasons lead to its progression have not been fully describe .
Is Glaucoma Serious?
According to WHO , globally , glaucoma is the 2d lead campaign of blindness . At present , 60.5 million case of glaucoma subsist in the humankind . Asians specially womanhood ’s affected lot when compared to world . A study says that there will be 79.6 million cases of glaucoma by 2020 . It is a serious threat to cured people peculiarly above 40 . One of the most shocking facts is one-half of the glaucoma sham people inhabit without knowing that they have this disorder .
Open - angle glaucoma is the most usual human body , which is referred to as a silent threat . No symptoms in the initial phase but later the cecity advancement in the peripheral side of the eyes . If untreated the blindness may invade completely . Angle - closure glaucoma is more severe form than opened - angle . It is associated with pain , vertigo , fuzzy visual sensation , irritation , reddishness , and dilate student . It may be acute or inveterate form . In slant - closure glaucoma , the beginning of symptoms is unexpected and causes nuisance . It is considered as a medical emergency and ripe surgery is lead to preclude consummate red of imagination .
Glaucoma is an umbrella condition for several diseased circumstance . There are other forms of glaucoma other than open and closed in - angle glaucoma . Normal - tension glaucoma also known as low-toned - tension glaucoma , lower-ranking glaucoma , pseudoexfoliationglaucoma , pigmentary glaucoma , main juvenile glaucoma , and uveitic glaucoma are some of the different types of glaucoma . heart scathe and increased ocular pressure are hear most of the condition . Absolute glaucoma is the most severe phase and destruction microscope stage of all types of glaucoma : severe pain in the centre with staring absence of vision , lack of pupillary light reflex and pupillary response , and stony like deposition appearances .
mellow intraocular pressure precede to glaucoma . The intraocular pressure primary function is the organization of sedimentary wittiness from theciliaryof the eyes and its drain via the trabecular meshwork . The menses of the humor is decreased through the trabeculate meshwork , due to the optic nerve degeneration . Thus the obstruction causes loss in visual modality with / without botheration . decadency of the big bucks of optic nerves often consequences in “ cupping ” . Cupping make the visual sensation injury and has the characteristic of optical disc like coming into court .
The pattern of causing sightlessness among different race is unreadable . In western nation , major glaucoma cases are open - angle particularly African - American and Latino people are more susceptible to this form of glaucoma . Caucasians as well are more susceptible toglaucoma blindness . Native Alaskans are at high peril of slant - closure phase glaucoma and Nipponese ancestry are much more probable to develop humiliated - tenseness glaucoma .
If the patients are diagnosed and treated earlier , the progression of the disease can be terminate or retard down with the assistance of prescription , optical maser discussion , or OR . The ultimate aim of the ophthalmologist is to lessen eye pressure which in spell keep down the vision of the personnel casualty . In this present century , due to several advancements in science and technology , unlike class of drugs are usable which are effective for the early phase of glaucoma . Laser treatments are effective in both pattern of glaucoma i.e. , open - slant and close - angle . Canaloplasty , glaucoma drain implant , trabeculectomy , and laser - wait on non - piercing deep sclerectomy surgery are some of the advanced treatment for patients with glaucoma to alleviate intraocular pressure .
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