As thalassaemia is a genetic disease thus the natural event of this disease can not be prevent . However , various measures are borrow to counsel the parents regarding the effect of this disease on sister and to interrupt gestation .
How To Prevent Thalassemia?
Carrier Screening : Prior to the couple bug out preparing for get a bay , there should be a masking for verification whether any or both of the parents are carrier of certain genetic disease . Thus , genetic diagnosis is done to name cistron genetic mutation .
Counseling : guidance is an important approach for prevent the nascency of babies suffering from thalassemia . direction can be done if both the partners are diagnosed with thalassemia major and the counselor should inform about the repercussion and burden on the baby ’s wellness if he develops thalassemia . Another counsel is done if the fetus is find to have thalassemia and the advocate is persuading the couple to terminate pregnancy .
Prenatal Diagnosis : Prenatal diagnosis can be done , and genetic makeup of the foetus can be examine to diagnose thalassemia .
Preimplantation Diagnosis : If the pregnancy is achieved through invitro fecundation , the cubicle which are to be imbed may undergo genetic examination for the diagnosing of various genetic disease .
Public Awareness And Education : Intensive education program can forbid the happening of thalassemia by piddle cognizant the aesculapian and wellness workers and the population . The people involved in such sentience include physicians , pediatricians , gynecologists , nurses and class planning counsellor . Various methods for diagnose the genic make-up and method for preventing the birth of the kid hurt from Mediterranean anaemia are hash out . The the great unwashed demand in awareness computer program should take the information form the populace like medical history , clinical symptom and should provide them genetical counseling .
Interruption Of Pregnancy : Various countries have various laws connect to the termination of pregnancy . In India , the termination of pregnancy is controlled by aesculapian final result of Pregnancy Act . If the fetus is conclusively found to have major frame of thalassemia , the pregnancy can be terminated .
Thalassemia Causes
Thalassemia is a genetic upset and the person learn it from the parent . If both the parents are support from thalassemia minor , then there is 25 % hazard that the offspring suffer from thalassemia major , 50 % chances that the young suffer from thalassemia small and 25 % chances exist for materialization to be normal . The genes responsible for the development of thalassemia are HBB orhemoglobinsubunit beta and HBA1 and HBA2 or hemoglobin subunit alpha . HBB factor is present on chromosome 11 while HBA1 and HBA2 are locate on chromosome 16 . The region of the chromosome 16 where the HBA1 and HBA2 are place is known as alpha - globin locus .
The severity of the thalassemia look upon the number of genes that gets mutated . There are two copies of HBA1 and two transcript of HBA2 . Thus , if all the four factor get mutate , this resultant role in hard form of alpha thalassemia ring as Mediterranean anaemia John Major which is characterized by severeanemia . As the act of mutated cistron decreases , the severity of the disease gets decreased . Similarly , if all the HBB factor get mutated , the precondition is known as genus Beta - Mediterranean anemia John Roy Major . The status is generally transmit in autosomal recessive pattern ; however , sometimes it may pass in an autosomal dominant style .
Various method that are used to prevent the occurrence of thalassemia include counseling , pre - implantation diagnosing , newsboy screening , public cognizance and Department of Education and interruption of maternity .
Also Read :
