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The meter taken for replacing an aortic valve is averagely 3 hours ; which can be more or less bet on the condition of the valves and the turn of valve which have to be changed . The patient has to be at the Intensive Care Unit ( I.C.U ) for at least 48 to 72 60 minutes and needs a infirmary stay of at least a week .
Anatomy of Aortic Valve
The heart pumps lineage into the aorta , the largest artery of the body . The aortal valve is an first step or closure which separates the heart and aorta . When the heart pumps the ancestry the aortic valve opens so that the blood go along through it . After the blood go across , it closes so that the blood does not flow back . The aortal valve can become faulty in two way :
In both the causa the alternate of aortal valve or an aortic valve operating theater has to be done .
How The Aortic Replacement Surgery Is Performed?
The aortic valve surgery is performed under generalanesthesiaso that the affected role does not sense pain sensation and is deeply departed . A retentive dent of about 24 to 25 cm is made at the middle of the chest . The breastbone is divide so that the fondness and aorta is clearly visible to the surgeon . The heart ’s body process is stopped for some fourth dimension , so that the operation can take place smoothly . During this time the aorta is connected to a bypass pump . This machine works like the eye and guarantee an uninterrupted blood provision to the consistency .
If the aortal valve is defective or not work on by rights , it has to be replace by a young aortic valve . This is known as replacement surgery . The surgeon will interchange the defective valve with a unfermented and properly act upon valve . There are two type of valves , which are loosely used for transposition . They are :
Mechanical Aortic Valves : These aortic valve are strong and long permanent . They are made up of charge plate , atomic number 22 or carbon . The job with these valve is that blood tend to adhere to it and may produce a problem of parentage coagulation , so the patients have to take anticoagulant drug like Warfarin or blood thinning agent throughout their living .
Biological Aortic Valves : These type of aortal valve are made up of human or animal tissues . If drive from creature , it is have intercourse as Xenograft . If these tissue are take from human heart ( donated ) it is experience as Homograft or Allograft . Sometimes the biologic valve is made out of the affected role ’s own tissues , which is make out as Autograft . The biological valves are not as strong as the mechanically skillful valve and last up to 10 to 20 twelvemonth , after which they have to be replaced . The patient need not take any anti - coagulants as in the case of mechanical valves . Biological valve are used more often in the elderly patients because in children and new , the patients there is a danger of breakage of the biological valve .
After the replacement of the aortic valve , the surgeon checks the right body process of the aortic valve . The ring road machine is disconnected and the aorta is again connected with the heart and the inwardness is unopen . The fluid which accumulates around the essence is clean up ; the breastbones are connected back together with stainless steel wires . The cutis of the chest is suture . The OR go about for 3 to 5 hr and the recovery time is 2 to 3 months .
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